tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41354570361469621732024-02-07T22:02:16.049+08:00Pendidikan Jasmani & KesihatanTeknologi Maklumat Sekolah Rendah
( KRT-3013 )Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4135457036146962173.post-36086076639566679172011-11-26T14:38:00.000+08:002011-11-26T14:38:51.916+08:00Kaedah Pengajaran Pendidikan Jasmani<div style="color: white;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-pQxDSot5G1EaXcHuMPjf_rmr_4jTq7alKnsCISHQxHy9L71p3yyJMMQma313alJRfmucvfSv-U9_HUrcNpONiyop7qWmTVc0uuK-09gyoo2UliYvxN4Y6vNTEZpSc0bYZnXuLdZoqWs/s1600/vlcsnap-2011-11-14-05h48m21s156.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-pQxDSot5G1EaXcHuMPjf_rmr_4jTq7alKnsCISHQxHy9L71p3yyJMMQma313alJRfmucvfSv-U9_HUrcNpONiyop7qWmTVc0uuK-09gyoo2UliYvxN4Y6vNTEZpSc0bYZnXuLdZoqWs/s200/vlcsnap-2011-11-14-05h48m21s156.png" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">Dalam proses pengajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, guru merancang apa yang hendak diajar dan bagaimana hendak diajar. Kaedah yang berkesan dapat membantu pelajar mencapai kemahiran, perubahan sikap yang positif, mendalami serta meluaskan kefahaman tentang diri sendiri dan orang lain, serta dapat mempraktikkan dalam kehidupan sebenar.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: MS; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Terdapat beberapa Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengajar mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani. Secara umum terdapat tiga Pendekatan yang disarankan iaitu : </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 22.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: MS; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pendekatan Tradisi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 22.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: MS; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pendekatan Penyelesaian Masalah</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 22.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: MS; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pendekatan Gabungan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4135457036146962173.post-605944998460660212011-11-26T14:29:00.002+08:002011-11-26T14:30:34.977+08:00Kurikulum Pendidikan Jasmani<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE8GUjQToHqEEJsAf1rEOSnaymJR_P2v3o5oSjrhsoo2g0uGbb-nGfGyLBFXw-QNiA2M_uvi9i1P91z-6BMSCxAzqe4GiiZglDTiVmOCqxnl143iLtzolefDLk3N8IOBO2Kf27Il_LKBo/s1600/buku+pjk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE8GUjQToHqEEJsAf1rEOSnaymJR_P2v3o5oSjrhsoo2g0uGbb-nGfGyLBFXw-QNiA2M_uvi9i1P91z-6BMSCxAzqe4GiiZglDTiVmOCqxnl143iLtzolefDLk3N8IOBO2Kf27Il_LKBo/s200/buku+pjk.jpg" width="149" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Kurikulum Pendidikan Jasmani digubal untuk memenuhi keperluan dan perkembangan individu bagi membentuk masyarakat yang cergas, sejahtera dan produktif. Objektif kurikulum ini ialah;</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></div><ol start="1" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 0in;" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Mempertingkat dan mengekalkan kecergasan berasaskan kesihatan dan perlakuan motor.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Menguasai kemahiran asas pergerakan dan permainan mengikut kemampuan diri.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Melakukan senaman dan aktiviti fizikal sebagai rutin harian.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Mengaplikasikan pengetahuan kesihatan dan keselamatan semasa menyertai pelbagai kegiatan fizikal.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Membentuk sahsiah dan disiplin diri.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Membuat keputusan bijak dalam kehidupan.</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Aspek penting pengajaran Pendidikan Jasmani ialah;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">1.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Penglibatan murid secara aktif dan selamat.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">2.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Interaksi yang kreatif dengan bahan, alat dan rakan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">3.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Penyimpanan rekod kegiatan murid sebagai bukti bahawa pemelajaran telah berlaku.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Tiga tunjang utama kandungan Sukatan Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani ialah;</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 39.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">1.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Kecergasan</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0in 39.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">2.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="font-size: small;">Kemahiran</span><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 39.75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: .5in list 39.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="MS" style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: small;">3.</span><span lang="MS" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: small; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="MS" style="color: black; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: small;">Kesukanan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4135457036146962173.post-57175190975426162852011-11-26T12:21:00.001+08:002011-11-26T12:23:02.452+08:00BMI Formula<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGs4y1VFkLvocrSOUI7ROHcmoaJaifgJApvuY-c2yv-bSdM6CAgOe4xo-Ej7N4pnuVu9vXHr_zkY43HjEXEFOQnj7W44PhKSDK_Pb9y8jZjgtUu_vBoCr2JUungnyLbYl_UlPdPKUQVFI/s1600/bmi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGs4y1VFkLvocrSOUI7ROHcmoaJaifgJApvuY-c2yv-bSdM6CAgOe4xo-Ej7N4pnuVu9vXHr_zkY43HjEXEFOQnj7W44PhKSDK_Pb9y8jZjgtUu_vBoCr2JUungnyLbYl_UlPdPKUQVFI/s200/bmi.jpg" width="195" /></a></div>The Body Mass Index is calculated by the following formula:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>body weight in Kilogramm divided by body height in Meter to the second<br />
or<br />
BMI = x KG / (y M * y M)</blockquote><br />
x=body weight in KG<br />
y=body height in M<br />
<br />
Example for 175 cm size and 70 kg weight:<br />
BMI = 70 / (1,75 * 1,75) = 22,86<br />
<br />
The resulting value is Kilogramm per Meter by the second or short KG/M<sup>2</sup>. In most cases this can be left. There is no really sense in this, because humans are no mathematical square. More about this also in BMI Criticism.<br />
<br />
<h3>Tip for calculator:</h3>If you try to use the formula in a hand calculator you get some problems. But with a little change it is be simple. So you can use:<br />
weight / size / size<br />
Example for 70 kg weight and 1,75 m size:<br />
70 / 1,75 / 1,75 = 22,86<br />
<br />
Step by step:<br />
<ol><li>weight in kg</li>
<li>/ (divided by)</li>
<li>size in m</li>
<li>/ (divided by</li>
<li>size in m</li>
<li>=</li>
</ol>Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4135457036146962173.post-86731937640625425122011-11-24T18:11:00.005+08:002011-11-26T12:35:54.968+08:00Gastrik<div style="text-align: justify;">Gastrik antara masalah sangat lazim dan secara umumnya ia boleh dibahagikan kepada 2 jenis iaitu gastritis (keradangan lapisan mukosa yang melapik dinding perut) dan ulser perut atau peptik pada lapisan sel yang lebih dalam (lebih teruk berbanding gastritis).</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Biasanya apabila orang berkata mereka ada masalah gastrik, ia merujuk kepada keadaan pertama (gastritis).</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Secara semula jadi, sel perut kita menghasilkan asid hidroklorik (dengan pH 1 hingga pH 2) yang berfungsi mencerna makanan. Asid ini kuat dan jika terkena tangan, kulit akan terkakis. Sel perut menghasilkan lapisan mukosa (lapisan pertahanan) sebagai pelindung daripada kesan asid hidroklorik.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>Pengeluaran atau rembesan asid hidroklorik berlaku apabila ada makanan untuk memulakan proses pencernaan dan gastrik berlaku apabila tiada keseimbangan antara kuantiti rembesan asid hidroklorik (terlalu banyak) dengan kekuatan lapisan pertahanan (menjadi lemah). Jika lapisan pertahanan ini menjadi lemah, ulser berlaku kerana asid hidroklorik boleh sampai ke sel dan menyebabkan keradangan.<br />
<br />
Jika orang mengadu sakit perut ketika lapar, ia menandakan asid hidroklorik terlalu banyak dalam perut dan sebaliknya jika sakit perut selepas makan, ia mungkin menandakan masalah ulser perut kerana lapisan mukosa yang sudah lemah.<br />
<br />
<b><u><blink>Tanda Gastrik<blink></blink></blink></u></b><br />
<br />
Tanda gastrik mudah dikesan kerana ia menyebabkan ketidakselesaan pada perut. Antara tandanya ialah :<br />
<br />
* Sakit perut (pada bahagian atas perut atau abdomen)<br />
* Rasa senak, berangin atau pedih<br />
* Rasa tidak selesa<br />
* Kembung, sendawa berulang kali dan kerap kentut selepas makan<br />
* Rasa mual (loya) dan muntah<br />
* Hilang selera makan<br />
* Berat badan turun (pada peringkat teruk)<br />
<br />
Jika sampai peringkat teruk, ulser perut menyebabkan pendarahan dan ia boleh dilihat dalam 2 bentuk iaitu :<br />
<br />
* Najis menjadi hitam seperti tar<br />
* Muntah mengandungi darah atau berwarna gelap seperti kopi<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnm1FuiJIpAmN30y99Z2UzrTluA25vJFy8bBfAPRVOkk4kOPqJ3Qh77CEfP-6Sgn-5xtSxHHlgIKoS2SNKnWOJNvuAQD4Jq-KzAor1HWAVSFbLZrsg1RtX2U9-lQJ1NCzb1OWBnHDiLE7_/s1600/peptic+ulcers.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnm1FuiJIpAmN30y99Z2UzrTluA25vJFy8bBfAPRVOkk4kOPqJ3Qh77CEfP-6Sgn-5xtSxHHlgIKoS2SNKnWOJNvuAQD4Jq-KzAor1HWAVSFbLZrsg1RtX2U9-lQJ1NCzb1OWBnHDiLE7_/s320/peptic+ulcers.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4135457036146962173.post-45952060893650702102011-11-20T19:20:00.002+08:002011-11-26T12:36:10.662+08:00Kesihatan Diri<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQYtn3Bow5Vc7FIVBUJJPE21mLJDLpru3nuGtpmBfHXkMfYBB-pX6vJDBf2x49SDbOhy9zoXB84LhyphenhyphenoC67cSd2SbcBkvKUqz-jFfCkLcHmBnf_4-pKvDQbWZUbJ0PXjQu06ue486W7XHQ/s1600/vlcsnap-2011-11-14-05h47m22s74.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQYtn3Bow5Vc7FIVBUJJPE21mLJDLpru3nuGtpmBfHXkMfYBB-pX6vJDBf2x49SDbOhy9zoXB84LhyphenhyphenoC67cSd2SbcBkvKUqz-jFfCkLcHmBnf_4-pKvDQbWZUbJ0PXjQu06ue486W7XHQ/s200/vlcsnap-2011-11-14-05h47m22s74.png" width="200" /></a></div>Langkah pertama ke arah kesihatan optimum adalah menyedari yang tubuh anda memerlukan penjagaan. Langkah kedua ialah mendapatkan info kesihatan yang diperlukan untuk menjaga kesihatan diri dan keluarga dengan berkesan. Adalah sukar untuk menjaga kesihatan tubuh sekiranya anda tidak tahu apa-apa mengenainya. Bagaimana mungkin anda menjaga kesihatan diri dan keluarga kalau anda tidak faham bagaimana musuh datang menyerang dan bagaimana tubuh anda bertindak mempertahankan diri.<br />
<br />
Apabila anda sakit, anda akan berjumpa doktor. Sudah tentu doktor akan memberi anda ubat. Anda makan ubat tersebut dengan harapan anda akan sihat semula. Beginilah bagaimana perjalanan perkhidmatan kesihatan sekarang, satu kitaran diagnosis dan preskrepsi.Shariman Bin Zakariahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03682278859157615022noreply@blogger.com0